@article{2196,
  keywords = {Coccidia, nematodes, bird, helminths, coproscopy},
  author = {M Globokar and D Fischer and N Pantchev},
  title = {Occurrence of endoparasites in captive birds between 2005 to 2011 as determined by faecal flotation and review of literature},
  abstract = {Between 2005 and 2011, a total of 10 356 faecal samples of avian species submitted by veterinarians to a diagnostic laboratory were examined parasitologically using a qualitative faecal flotation technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate a large number of faecal samples of birds in captivity under standardized laboratory conditions and to outline and compare the most prevalent parasites in various groups of birds. The samples derived from Columbiformes (n = 2235), Psittaciformes (n = 1886), Galliformes (n = 1330), Passeriformes (n = 398), Anseriformes (n = 337), Accipitriformes and Falconiformes (n = 204), Strigiformes (n = 51), Struthioniformes (n = 48), Ciconiiformes (n = 25), Gruiformes (n = 19), Bucerotiformes (n = 17), Sphenisciformes (n = 16), Pelecaniformes (n = 11), Phoenicopteriformes (n = 7), Charadriiformes (n = 3), Musophagiformes (n = 2), Apodiformes (n = 2), Cuculiformes (n = 1), Coraciiformes (n = 1), Piciformes (n=1) and unspecified bird species (n = 3762). Samples were examined by a conventional flotation method (flotation solution ZnCl₂/NaCl with a specific gravity of 1.3). Overall, 3463 out of 10 356 bird samples revealed parasitic stages (33.4%; CI = 32.5–34.4%). Coccidia (mainly Eimeria spp./Isospora spp./Caryospora spp.), Capillaria spp., ascarids (mainly Ascaridia spp./Porrocaecum spp.), Heterakis spp., Trichostronyglus spp. and Amidostomum spp. were the most frequently identified parasites. However, the various bird species differed considerably in terms of their spectrum of endoparasites and the occurrence of parasitic pathogens in the faeces. Examinations of avian faeces may be performed by faecal flotation technique to detect a great number of different endoparasites. The knowledge about the species-specific parasite spectra and the occurrences of endoparasites in avian species is important to interpret an individual diagnosis and to initiate specific therapy and control strategies.},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift},
  volume = {130},
  month = {05/2017},
  publisher = {Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG},
  address = {Hannover},
  issn = {0005-9366},
  doi = {10.2376/0005-9366-16094},
  language = {English},
}